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(HISTORY) TOPIC WISE ALL QUESTIONS

INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION (1885)

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

1)

Who was the first Muslim President of INC?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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Which session of INC was presided over by Mahatma Gandhi?

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Which session of INC declared β€˜Purna Swaraj’ (Complete Independence)?

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Who first used the term β€˜Swaraj’ in an INC session?

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When did the first split occur in the INC?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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Who called the INC a "Begging Institute"?

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The first session of INC in 1885 was attended by how many delegates?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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What was the main demand of INC in its early years?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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Who is known as the "Grand Old Man of India"?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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Who was the Viceroy of India when the INC was formed in 1885?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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The first split in INC (Moderates vs. Extremists) happened in which session?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

12)

Who called the INC a β€˜microscopic minority’?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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What was the role of Lord Dufferin in the formation of INC?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

14)

What was the British government’s real motive behind supporting the formation of INC?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

15)

In which year did the demand for β€˜Swaraj’ first appear in an INC session?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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Who was NOT one of the founding members of the INC?

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What was the primary aim of the INC at the time of its formation?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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Who presided over the first INC session?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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Where was the first session of the Indian National Congress held?

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Category: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC) AND ITS FORMATION(1885)

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Who founded the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1885?

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πŸ“œ Formation of the Indian National Congress (INC) – 1885

The Indian National Congress (INC) was formed in 1885 and became the most influential political organization in India’s struggle for independence. Initially founded as a moderate platform to discuss political and administrative reforms, it later evolved into a mass movement demanding complete independence from British rule.


πŸ”Ή Background & Causes of Formation

πŸ“Œ Rise of Nationalism in India

πŸ“Œ Western Education & Role of the English Language

πŸ“Œ Role of Socio-Religious Reform Movements

πŸ“Œ Failure of Early Political Associations

πŸ“Œ The Role of A.O. Hume & British Interests


πŸ“œ Formation of the Indian National Congress (1885)

πŸ“Œ Date of Formation: December 28, 1885
πŸ“Œ First Session Venue: Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay
πŸ“Œ First President: W.C. Bonnerjee

πŸ“Œ Founding Members:

πŸ“Œ Number of Delegates in the First Session: 72 representatives from all over India


πŸ“œ Objectives of the INC

πŸ“ 1. Promote Unity Among Indians
βœ… The INC aimed to bring together people from different regions, religions, and backgrounds into a single political platform.

πŸ“ 2. Voice Indian Grievances
βœ… It sought to address the problems of Indians under British rule, such as high taxation, racial discrimination, and economic exploitation.

πŸ“ 3. Demand Political & Administrative Reforms
βœ… The early leaders of INC were moderates who believed in constitutional methods and appealed for gradual political reforms.

πŸ“ 4. Develop a Sense of Nationalism
βœ… The INC aimed to create a sense of national identity among Indians, making them aware of their political rights.


πŸ“œ Phases of the INC (1885-1947)

πŸ”Ή 1. Moderate Phase (1885-1905)

πŸ“Œ Leaders: Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, W.C. Bonnerjee, Pherozeshah Mehta
πŸ“Œ Features:
βœ… Used petition and dialogue as political methods.
βœ… Demanded constitutional reforms and greater representation of Indians in administration.
βœ… Key achievements: Indian Councils Act, 1892 (increased Indian participation in legislative councils).


πŸ”Ή 2. Extremist Phase (1905-1919)

πŸ“Œ Leaders: Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai (Lal-Bal-Pal)
πŸ“Œ Features:
βœ… Advocated aggressive nationalism and mass movements.
βœ… Slogan: β€œSwaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it” – Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
βœ… Led to Swadeshi Movement & Boycott of British goods after the Partition of Bengal (1905).


πŸ”Ή 3. Gandhian Era (1919-1947)

πŸ“Œ Leader: Mahatma Gandhi
πŸ“Œ Features:
βœ… Led Non-Cooperation (1920), Civil Disobedience (1930), and Quit India Movement (1942).
βœ… Used Satyagraha (non-violent resistance) as the main weapon against British rule.
βœ… Resulted in India’s independence in 1947.


πŸ“œ Impact & Significance of the INC

βœ… First National Political Party

βœ… Raised Political Awareness

βœ… Led to India’s Freedom Movement

βœ… Inspired Future Leaders


πŸ“œ Conclusion

The formation of the Indian National Congress (1885) marked the beginning of organized nationalism in India. Though it started as a moderate political body, it gradually evolved into a mass movement that led India to independence in 1947.